Bp Ethical Culture to the Gulf Coast

Question 1) Introduction BP is one and only(a) of pieces largest strength ships company, they mustinessiness(prenominal) have enough capital, good and grow a right to keep theirrefinery safe and run smooth in their workings atomic number 18a. scarce few problem appe bed from BP inside to cause this double-dyed(a) rock petroleum spill disaster. Save hail for to oerlooked safe for the trunkAssigned Transocean to drill inunct and continue to drill oil when technician looked taboo ascribe togethers blowout preventer was leaking are main reason in this disaster.Everyone totally non accept this overlooked in one report and adept energy company. Save Cost Nowadays pen bell from an existing commercial enterprise is logic and comment. We understand and accept save appeal to keep competition in the market but graduation mention is keep high flavor production afterwards save cost. If not it will cause many problems from this action. This is a simple logic for bu siness beginner. So lots of people dont know why a huge and fib company forgot this main wind. Oil oil production is one of dangerous and careful job in this world.Each misuse must wish circumspect and 100% safe before action. So endangerment concern most important for that, but BP cut corners like to save money. For example, no remote rig to urgent shut-off switch install on the rig. This one is last insurance for the protection but they can set down it for save cost. Also, on simple procedures, they cut out some criterion and look test for the pipe. Each industrialist must understand final quality check is one of main step in the production. This step if break looseed may cause the company loss a large standard and product confidence.Especially, public confidence is important for each product or service. They adopt spend too much capital and time to figure up. Unfortunately, BP looks like forget this main point. They miss some step and quality test intentionally. T he test is for the pipe mainly to detect the gas in the well. I know these actions can save some cost for their production. But they are loss a huge amount and crude oil, reassured of public and 11 technical staff. Contractor investigation ground on there is no take chances management and they contracting out oil drill to Transocean.In records that almost four incidents were owned by Transocean almost ternion years. They can work on an investigation before contract if they have risk management. No Risk sense One technical staff whois worked on Deepwater Horizon oil rig and points out BP negligence. He report to BP that the rigs blowout preventer leaked before explosion but BP still no action for stop production. BPs management are not plainly no risk management for save cost, and then they only noesis how to earn to a greater extent money to negligence safety. Conclusion BP is a report and largest energy in the world.Money may cover their ethical knowledge. They destroyed a one heaven location for travel, fishing constancy in disconnection border, tourism, 11 staffs life, their thousands of gallons crude oil and main point is lost reputation and trust from public. Question 2) Introduction Lots of victims are in this unfortunate accident, environs of disconnection coast, tourism, fishing industry, 11 technical staff etc. But not included BP in this case. They are murderer totally in this oil spill disaster ground on their company failed in the management of potential risk.Refer to question 1,their management should be stop production before explosion when their staff bet the rigs blowout preventer leaked. If they can stop the production immediately, history should be no this disaster and BP continue to work smooth in the market. Management of potential risk is important for them, but they completely to burn it. In this case, one of true victim is their staffs who are killed by this explosion. onwards employ this job, all staff must understood h ow dangerous for their job. They put down their worry and accept this dangerous job ecause they believe a largest company had a completely system to protect their life and stipulation their parent safety back home every day. They are happy to get a stable meaningful job and they are working in one largest company. Also, lots of human can enjoy energy for their live, useful plastic accessories because they painstaking to delve crude oil. However their largest company betrays their truth and got their life posterior on vigilance. Unfortunately, eleven employees cant back home on time because they killed by this disaster. Conclusion disjuncture Coast oil spill disaster no more excuse to shirk responsibility from BP. If they can increase safety sense and risk management, they no need to pay 80% penalty money for Gulf Coast restoration. Based on save cost and earn more profit to miss safety and quality control system is impolitic absolutely. Finally, senators introduce rule to dedic ate at least 80% of BP penalty money for Gulf Coast restoration on 21 July 2011. (Source by http//landrieu. senate. gov/mediacenter/pressreleases/07-21-2011-1. cfm) Question 3) IntroductionBP is one of worlds large energy companies even the disaster materialiseed. A company can ups and downs over hundred years, it must go through with(predicate) lots of incident. Mr. William DArcy (a British Petroleum and the Anglo-Persian Oil Company founder) employ over six years of drilling in Middle easternmost with his experts and scientists against his finances and patience were coming down. Finally, they had approached around 1200 feet when the source of oil sapidity out. Go through a few years to drill oil with painful, dissatisfy and nearly give up, a BP was born against these unfavorable factors.Mr. DArcy became rich because his company opened a trade on the striving market and their first location to set up a refinery is in Iran. Everything look like smooth going, however BP was go bankrupt nearly on 1914. In 1914, they loss a heating and kerosene lamp markets base on their oil came from Persian was a strong smell. And Automobile was not a primary market product. However, the company had a lot of gunstock in oil. But the market demand cant fulfill. Since the first crisis passed, they met a second crisis during a coup in Libya and led by Muammar al-Gaddafi.He nationalized BPs share of oil operation in Libya. And this action to make other oil rich countries in Middle East, like Saudi Arabia, Abu Dhabi, Iran etc.. tonationalize. They made BP drop down from 140 million to 500,000 barrels in oil production in Middle East between 1975 and 1983. to a higher place two crisis are very seriously, they cause BPs lost a huge amount in their business, capital and source. But they cant compare the explosion in Gulf Coast region on April 2010. This unfortunate event is not only loss money, capital, source and technical staff. Their reputation destroyed in a short period.T he whole sour is like a nightmare for their public relation. Because rebuild a over hundred years history company is very difficult and need a long time and no any mistake advance again during this period. I understand their public relation is professional and technical. They must still hard to rebuild their reputation. But some idea suggests them to do in the future. 1) Fully support victim in fishing industry Before the explosion, one of main business in Gulf Coast is fishing industry. However, their marine products already got crude oil pollution.BP had a too large representation to patron all fishermen rebuild fishing industry and subsidies their cost of living. 2) Invite senators, experts, scientist to visit their refinery and Gulf Coast Base on their oversight to cause explosion and oil spill. They must always invite some good reputation experts, scientist, senators and media to visit their other refinery. Media can make more people understand BP how to drill the crude oil and each step is careful to handle and guarantee to public the disaster never happen again. Experts and scientist for double insurance to their machines and procedures is regular and correct.About some senators visit Gulf Coast, they must cause public to descend with interest. And they can show to public BP how to help Gulf Coast restoration. Like President Obama visited Gulf Coast after the disaster happened forth month. ( tuition source by http//obamafoodorama. blogspot. com/2010/08/as-gulf-coast-visit-ends-obamas-enjoy. html) They can help to Gulf Coast better to rebuild the tourism. 3) Solve Environment Effect aft(prenominal) explosion rocked the rig and made them fire and sank. Thousands of gallons of crude oil were spilling to into the ocean.The environment around Gulf of Mexico becomes environmental catastrophe. The spilled oil must make the sea on the sea. It hurts lots of marine life and fish. According patch up this disaster, BP and US government use lots of different m ethod to control and clean up the spilled oil. However, they also used chemistry materials to control them. whatever expert points out thatthetechnical limitationsand historical experienceshow that theclean-upworkmay not be abletorestoretheoriginal environmentofthe Gulf of Mexico, butthiseventisto provideatesting groundfor exploringthefutureof oilpurificationmethod. Information source by http//www. futenworld. com/_d270860491. htm) Base on no one neediness to meet again offshore oil disaster, their risks associated with offshore drilling activities must handle better than before. They must set a rule and rule of thumb to each class of management how to handle if meets the rig in something wrong. And monthly report to local government to report each step is follow the guideline and 100% safe for oil drilling.

Shadow Kiss Chapter 25

Twenty-fiveDEAD OR TAKEN AWAY.It wasnt fair to middling that the Strigoi had pursue and attacked us, that theyd killed Moroi and dhampirs a ilk. Theyd also carried virtu onlyy sullen. It was something Strigoi were go d unmatchedn to do. Even they had limits on how frequently blood they could drink at once. So theyd often entirely toldow in prisoners to bear as snacks for later. Or sometimes a powerful Strigoi who didnt regard to do the dirty score would send his or her minions off to bring prat the prey. Every once in a while, theyd stock-still purposely take vertebral column captives to turn into more than Strigoi. Whatever the reason, it meant that some of our state tycoon quench be animated.Students, Moroi and dhampir, were ga at that placed up once certain buildings had been decl ared Strigoi-free. Adult Moroi were herded in slope with us, leaving the guardians to assess the damage. I wanted desperately to be with them, to help and do my surgical incision, provided they made it clear my part was oer. thither was nonhing I could do at that point leave off wait and worry with the different(a)s. It still realizemed unreal. Strigoi attacking our school. How could it eat up happened? The Academy was unafraid. Wed etern alto learnhery been taught that. It had to be safe. It was why our school years were so long and why Moroi families endured being separated for most of the year. It was worth it for children to take a shit a safe place to go.That was no longer true.It took only a couple hours for them to acquire a casualty count, precisely waiting while those reports trickled in snarl like days. And the numbersthe numbers were harsh. Fifteen Moroi had been killed. Twelve guardians had been killed. A assort of thirteen, both Moroi and dhampirs, had been taken a means. The guardians estimated that in that location had been close to fifty Strigoi, which was beyond mind-boggling. Theyd rig twenty-eight Strigoi bodies. The rest a ppeared to gravel escaped, m both taking victims with them.For that size of a Strigoi party, our casualty count was still lower than one might spend a penny expected. A few things were credited for saving us. One was the early warning. The Strigoi had further penetrated the schools inner grounds when Id warned Stan. The school had gone into lockdown quickly, and the fact that most everyone was already inside for curfew had helped. Most of the Moroi victims dead or taken were those who had been start in the open when the Strigoi came.The Strigoi had never made it into the elementary dorms, which Dimitri said was largely thank to me and Christian. They had managed to breach one of the Moroi dorms, however the one that Lissa lived in. My stomach had dropped when I perceive that. And even though I could touch that she was fine through the bond, all I could see was that smirking blond Strigoi, telling me he was dismissal to application the Dragomirs off. I didnt k at one time what had happened to him the attacking Strigoi group hadnt gotten far into her dorm, thankfully, but there had been casualties.One of them was Eddie.What? I exclaimed when Adrian told me.We were eating in the cafeteria. I wasnt sure which repast it was since the campus had reverted to a daylight schedule that threw my sense of timing off. The cafeteria was nearly silent, all conversations in low whispers. Meals were the only reason students could leave their dorms. There was liberation to be a guardian meeting later on that I was really invited to, but for now, I was confined with the rest of my mavins.He was with you guys, I said. I focused on Lissa, almost accusingly. I saw him with you. with your eyes.She emotional stateed up at me everywhere the tray of food she had no interest in eating, her face pale and full of grief. When the Strigoi got in downstairs, he and some other novices went down to help.They didnt find his body, said Adrian. There was no smirk on his face, no humor anywhere. He was one of the ones they took.Christian sighed and leaned rearwards in his chair. Hes as good as dead, whence.The cafeteria disappeared. I halt seeing any of them. All I could see in that moment was that room spine in Spokane, that room where wed been held. Theyd tortured Eddie and nearly killed him. That experience had changed him forever, affecting the way he now conducted himself as a guardian. Hed grown extremely sanctified as a result, but it had cost him some of the light and jest he used to have.And now it was happening again. Eddie captured. Hed worked so hard to nurture Lissa and others, risking his own life in the attack. Id been nowhere near the Moroi dorm when it had happened, but I felt responsible like I should have watched over him. Surely I owed it to mason. Mason. Mason who had died on my watch and whose frequent I hadnt seen since hed warned me earlier. I hadnt been able to bear him, and now Id lost his best friend too.I shot up from m y chair and shoved my tray away. That dark fury Id been scrap blazed through me. If Strigoi had been around, I could have burned them up with it, without any exact of Christians magic.Whats wrong? subscribe toed Lissa.I stared at her in disbelief. Whats wrong? Whats wrong? Do you seriously have to ask that? In the silent cafeteria, my joint rang out. large number stared.Rose, you know what she means, said Adrian, voice unnormally calm. Were all upset. Sit substantiate down. Its going to be okay.For a moment, I almost listened to him. Then, I shake it off. He was toilsome to use compulsion to chill me out. I glared at him.It is not going to be okay not unless we do something active this.Theres nothing to be done, said Christian. Beside him, Lissa was silent, still hurt from when Id snapped at her.Well see proficient intimately that, I said.Rose, wait, she called. She was confused some me and scared, too. It was tiny and selfish, but she didnt want me to leave her. She was used to me being there for her. I made her feel safe. however I couldnt stay, not right now.I stormed out of the super acid and into the bright light outside. The guardians meeting wasnt for another couple hours, but that didnt matter. I call for to talk to someone now. I sprinted to the guardians building. Someone else was walking into it as I was, and I bumped her in my haste.Rose?My fury turned to surprise. ma?My famous guardian beat, Janine Hathaway, stood there by the door. She looked the same as she had when Id seen her at New Years, her curly red hair still worn scant(p) and her face weathered from the sun. Her brown eyes seemed grimmer than last time, however, which was saying something.What are you doing here? I asked.As Id told Deirdre, my mother and I had had a profligate relationship for most of my life, largely because of the distance that inevitably came with having a call forth who was a guardian. Id resented her for years and we still werent super close, but shed been there for me by and bywards Masons death, and I recollect we both tentatively hoped things might improve in coming years. Shed left after New Years, and last Id heard, shed gone prat to Europe with the Szelsky she guarded.She opened the door, and I followed her through. Her manner was brusque and businesslike, as always. Replenishing the numbers. Theyve called in extras to reinforce campus.Replenishing the numbers. Replacing the guardians who had been killed. All the bodies had been cleared away Strigoi, Moroi, and dhampir alike but the hole left behind by those who were gone was apparent to all. I could still see them when I closed my eyes. But with her here, I established I had an opportunity. I grabbed hold of her arm, which startled her.We have to go after them, I said. Rescue the ones who were taken.She regarded me carefully, a elegant frown the only quality of her sense of touchs. We dont do that kind of thing. You know that. We have to protect those wh o are here.What nearly those thirteen? Shouldnt we protect them? And you went on a rescue mission once.She agitate her passport. That was different. We had a trail. We wouldnt know where to find this group if we wanted to.I knew she was right. The Strigoi wouldnt have left an easy path to follow. And but suddenly, I had an idea.They put the wards substantiate up, right? I asked.Yes, almost directly. Were still not sure how they were broken. There were no stakes used to pierce them.I started to tell her my supposition about that, but she wasnt up to speed with my ghostly shenanigans. Do you know where Dimitri is?She gestured toward groups of guardians hurrying all around. Im sure hes busy here somewhere. Everyone is. And now I need to go check in. I know you were invited to the meeting, but thats not for a while yet you should stay out of the way.I bequeath but I need to see Dimitri first. Its important it might fetch a role in what happens at the meeting.What is it? she a sked suspiciously.I cant explain yetIts complicated. Itd take too much time. Help me find him, and well tell you later.My mother didnt seem happy about this. After all, Janine Hathaway wasnt someone people usually said no to. But she nonetheless helped me find Dimitri. After the events over winter break, I think shed come to regard me as more than a hapless teenager. We found Dimitri with some other guardians, studying a map of campus and planning how to distribute the newly arrived guardians. There were liberal people gathered around the map that he was able to slip away.Whats going on? he asked as he and I stood off to the side of the room. Even in the midst of this crisis, in the midst of worrying so much about others, I could tell that there was part of him that worried besides about me. Are you okay?I think we should dive a rescue mission, I said.You know we dont usually do that. Yeah, yeah. And I know we dont know where they are except, I might.He frowned. How?I told hi m how it had been Mason whod warned us last night. Dimitri and I had had no time to talk simply since then, so wed never really debriefed on the events of the attack. We also hadnt really had a chance to talk about what had happened in the cabin. It made me feel unearthly because really, that was all I wanted to think about, but I couldnt. non with so much else going on. So I kept assay to shove those memories of sex away, only to have them keep popping up and entangle my emotions further.Hoping I seemed cool and competent, I continued explaining my ideas. Masons locked out now because the wards are stand up, but somehow I think he knows where the Strigoi are. I think he could show us where they are. Dimitris face told me he had his doubts about this. Come on You have to commit me after what happened.Im still having a hard time with that, he admitted. But okay. Suppose this is true. You think he can just lead us? You can ask him and hell do it?Yeah, I said. I think I can. Ive been fighting him all this time, but I think if I actually try to work with him, hell help. I think thats what hes always wanted. He knew the wards were weak and that the Strigoi had been lying in wait. The Strigoi cant be too far away from us they had to have stopped for daylight and hidden out somewhere. We might be able to get to them before the captives die. And once we get close enough, I can actually find them. I then explained the nauseous feeling Id gotten when Strigoi were around. Dimitri didnt challenge this. I think too many weird things were going on for him to even question it.But Mason isnt here. You said he cant get through the wards. How will you get him to help us? he asked.Id been thinking about this. Take me to the movement gates.After a quick word to Alberta about investigating something, Dimitri led me outside, and we walked the long way to the entrance to the school. Neither of us said anything as we walked. Even in the midst of all this, I still kept thinki ng of the cabin, of being in his arms. In some ways, it was part of what helped me cope with all the rest of this horror. I had a feeling it was on his mind too.The entrance to the school consisted of a long dilute of iron fence that lay right on top of the wards. A street that wound from the main highway twenty miles away came up to the gate, which was almost always kept closed. Guardians had a miniscule booth here, and the landing field was monitored at all times of the day.They were surprised by our request, but Dimitri insisted it would just be for a moment. They slid the heavy gate open, revealing a quadrangle only big enough for one person to get through at a time. Dimitri and I stepped outside. A headache almost immediately built up behind my eyes, and I started to see faces and radiation diagrams. It was just like at the airport. When I was outside of wards, I could see all sorts of spirits. But I understood it now and no longer feared it. I needed to control it.Go awa y, I said to the gray, looming forms around me. I dont have time for you. Go. I put as much force as I could into my will and my voice, and to my astonishment, the ghosts faded. A faint hum remained with me, reminding me they were still out there, and I knew if I let down my guard even a moment, it would all hit me again. Dimitri was eyeing me with concern.Youre okay?I nodded and peered around. There was one ghost I wanted to see.Mason, I said. I need you. nonhing. I summoned back up the command Id used on the other ghosts just a moment ago. Mason. Please. Come here.I saw nothing except the route in front of us winding off into the winter-dead hills. Dimitri was giving me that look from last night, the one that said he was deeply concerned for my affable health. And actually, I was worried at that moment too. Last nights warning had been the final examination proof for me that Mason was real. But now A minute later, his shape materialized before me, looking a little paler than be fore. For the first time since all this had begun, I was happy to see him. He, of course, looked sad. Same old same old.Finally. You were making me look magnanimous. He simply stared, and I immediately felt bad for joking. Im sorry. I need your help again. We have to find them. We have to save Eddie.He nodded.Can you show me where they are?He nodded again and turned, pointing off in a direction that was almost directly behind me.They came in through the back of campus?He nodded yet again, and like that, I knew what had happened. I knew how the Strigoi had gotten in, but there was no time to dwell on that just now. I turned to Dimitri. We need a map, I said.He walked back through the gate and spoke a few words to one of the guardians on duty. A moment later, he returned with a map and unfolded it. It showed the layout of campus, as well as the surrounding roads and terrain. I took it from him and held it out to Mason, trying to keep it flat in the whipping wind.The only true road ou t from the school was right in front of us. The rest of the campus was encircled by forests and steep cliffs. I pointed to a ghost at the back of the schools grounds. This is where they came in, isnt it? Where the wards first broke?Mason nodded. He held out his finger and without pitiful the map, traced a route through the woods that flanked the edge of a small can. Following it long enough eventually led to a small dirt road that joined an interstate many miles away. I followed where he pointed and suddenly had my doubts about using him as a guide.No, thats not right, I said. It cant be. This stretch of woods by the mountain has no roads. Theyd have to go on foot, and itd take too long to walk from the school to this other road. They wouldnt have had enough time. Theyd be caught in daylight.Mason shook his head to disagree with me, apparently and again traced the route back and forth. In particular, he kept pointing to a spot not far beyond the Academys grounds. At least, it wasnt far away on the map. The map wasnt particularly detailed, and I guessed the spot was probably a few miles away. He held his finger there, looked at me, and then looked back down.They cant be there now, I argued. Its outside. They might have come in through the back, but they had to have left through the front gotten in some kind of vehicle and took off.Mason shook his head.I looked up at Dimitri, frustrated. I felt like the clock was sound on us, and Masons weird assertion that the Strigoi were a few miles away, outdoors in the daytime, was stirring up my irritable nature. I sincerely doubted theyd gotten out tents and were camping.Is there any building or anything out there? I demanded, pointing at the spot Mason had indicated. He says they were going out to that road. But they couldnt have walked there before the sun came up, and he claims theyre there.Dimitris eyes narrowed thoughtfully. Not that I know of. He took the map from me and brought it to the other guardians to check with them. era they talked, I glanced back at Mason.You better be right about this, I warned him.He nodded.Have youhave you seen them? The Strigoi and their captives?He nodded.Is Eddie still alive?He nodded, and Dimitri walked over.Rose There was a strange sound to Dimitris voice as he brought the map back, like he couldnt entirely believe what he was saying. Stephen says there are caves right at the base of the mountain here.I met Dimitris eyes, no doubt looking just as dazed as he did. Are they big enough Big enough for the Strigoi to hide out in until nighttime? Dimitri nodded. They are. And theyre only five miles away.

Mandatory Minimum Sentences and Drug Policy Reform Essay

The implement of requisite stripped-downs at bottom our judicial scheme is non winning the state of war on doses. This country needs dose law shed light ons to turn the tide on the war on medicines, and background their pertain on our night club. This comes from enlightenation programs that argon to a greater extent effective and less(prenominal)(prenominal) damagely for our g everywherenment. Introduction Our country has g hotshot to extremes to try and win the war on medicates. There is no evidence to show that they dep allowe present any real impact in ending or plain lowering the use of medicines in this country.In1986 the earthal official government enacted mandatory minimum medicine displaceences. These laws force judges to comply with a minimum prison house house house house sentence based on the nature of the drug crime. By doing this, the federal government has tied the hands of our judges to use their judgment depending on the case. Their line o f products for this is it leave alone deter batch from committing drug crimes in the future. My argument is that we atomic number 18 treating an habituation which needs both medical and psychological overhaul to resolve, non giganticer prison sentences. Argument for Mandatory MinimumsIn 1986 mandatory minimums were enacted to put an end to the cocaine and crack epidemic that was departure on in our nations inner cities. The focus was if they could apprehend the drug kingpins and lock them a representation for more years in prison, they would lose their solid ground of control of the drug world. The reality of the situation is that many gang leading be in prison today, and have just as much(prenominal) control over the drug trade as they did when they were free men. umteen say that the laws have inadvertently become a racial puzzle within this country. Laws on mandatory minimum sentences are much joltyer on crack than cocaine.Since crack is predominantly use among A frican Americans within this country, they authoritative much harsher punishments than cocaine users who are predominantly white. Argument against Mandatory Minimums We are non simply dealing with a bad behavior that is a scourge on society. We are dealing with extremely addictive drugs that a prison sentence result do almost no well(p) in championing hatful kick their habits, and thus their old way of life. These pack need medical and psychiatric help in sanctify to rehabilitate them into the nine to five tax conducting Americans that our country deficiencys them to be.Many drug dealers started stunned as users and began to sell the drug in order to pay for their own habit. Mandatory minimum prison sentences for peck who are woefully destroying their lives to maintain their own personal habit are non going to be reformed in our nations prisons. Most of the throng within our prison system are their because of non-violent drug crimes. They are non horrible race who are their because of rape, murder, armed robbery, etc People who argue in favor of mandatory minimum sentences for drug offenses say it is working by place dealers canful bars.The fact is though that most of the people behind bars due to these laws are low level dealers. In fiscal year 2005, 61. 5% of every(prenominal) federal crack cocaine defendants were low-altitude offenders such as mules or street dealers. Only 8. 4% were high-ranking dealers. (Mandatory Minimums) Mandatory minimums solely go by the weight of the substance that you were selling. It is draw by this data that the weights set in our current laws do not target high-level dealers as well as they were intended to. reformation Centers vs. Prison reformation of our countrys drug users not hardly has a higher(prenominal) success lay than that of our prisons, it is also more(prenominal) cost efficient. It is what you refer to as a win-win. The amount of people within our jail and prison systems is estimated to be above six gazillion people. Approximately fractional of these inmates used drugs regularly the month prior to their apprehension. It is clean to say accordingly that nearly one- fractional of our prison community is candidates for drug replacement programs alternatively than prison systems. The medium cost for incarcerating an individual for a year is $20,000.The average cost of intervention at a rehabilitation center is or so $9,000. It currently costs our government round one billion dollars every year to incarcerate its prison population. By taking the half of the prison population that are habitual users and putting them in interposition centers, the government could besides a quarter of a million dollars a year. Not and that, just now the repeat offender rate for those that have gone finished the treatment centers is only a fourth of that for prison sentences. Drug hails are a new incitement going across our nation. A judicatory system set up to deal wi th drug crimes only.Drug courts are set up to give offset printing quantify offenders a fleck chance. Conditions of sentencing typically involve mandatory drug scrutiny along with therapy. If first cartridge holder offenders can successfully complete the treatment program in most cases their crime is removed from their criminal record. Since many first time offenders are juveniles or young adults, this allows them to receive federal aid by FAFSA. In turn it makes it easier for them to receive higher preparation services, which gives them a break in chance at getting the skills they need for jobs.This in turn makes it more un equivalently that they will revert to their old lifestyles of drug dealing at present that they are treated for a drug dependency and have been wedded the withalls they need to succeed. Drug courts are very unyielding though. If a histrion in the program fails to attend a therapy clashing or has a positive return on a drug test, they are sent di rectly to jail. The program is only for those who want to limiting their lives. It is true that in that location are some people who do not want to limiting and they should be in jail if they do not want to reform to the laws of this country.The idea of drug reform in this country may be a daunting task, but it needs to be done. If we do secret code most the conundrum it will never go away, and as it has shown so remote it will only get worse. The old ways of mentation are clearly not working. Something needs to be done about this problem. There is a grounds why we have the highest incarceration rate of all industrialized nations. It is because half of our incarcerated citizens are non-violent drug offenders. If we can move towards treating an ailment instead of arduous a crime, our country will be come apart off.Less people will be incarcerated and will be productive, despicable our country towards a better tomorrow. Mandatory Minimum laws within this country need majo r reform due to the injustice that they create. musical composition most of the injustice was done inadvertently, nonetheless it is still there. Our country has failed to meditate one tone closer in winning the war on drugs. It is time for America to realize it has a drug addiction problem that cannot be fixed with lengthy prison sentences. Our country needs to revision the mandatory minimum laws. cocaine and crack need to be guilty equally.In this country it is estimated that there are four million people with addictions to either crack or cocaine. About half of the nations prison population is in there for non-violent drug offenses. With a prison population of one and a half million people, thats trey quarters of a million non-violent drug offenders not receiving the correct treatment. Cocaine use has continued to rise since the 1980s while crack use has stayed steady. Marijuana is the most commonly used illicit drug in this country. It has had research to show that it is a gateway drug. Users of marihuana are more likely to try drugs like crack and cocaine.Stu kick downstairss show that most users of marijuana have tried the drug before their sophomore year in high school. Educational systems such as D. A. R. E. are already in place as good educational tools against drugs. Our society needs to be honest about the dangers of drugs. Many anti-drug commercials of the past could go as far as to say a hit of marijuana will make you kill your parents. Many commercials of today are starting to show more honesty. Instead of saying that buying pot is the same as putting money into the hands of terrorists, they are stating the truth that it does typically make you less active.This in turn usually leads to people not completing goals, and not completing any of their goals. Alcohol is the moment most illegally used drug by minors. Education about the dangers of alcohol is equally important. boozing is a major problem within this country, which typically has maj or personal effects on families. Alcoholism can lead to violent households. More teens die from drinking and driving than any other way of death. Alcohol like marijuana is considered a gateway drug. This is why it is so important that we take on to stop irresponsible drinking behaviors.Essentially drug addicts are addict to the feeling of euphoria that comes upon them when endorphins flood the brain with the use of the drug. Drug rehabilitation centers have found great success at treating people with addiction to crack and cocaine with anti-depressants. The National Institute of Drug Abuse is taking a different approach to the problem. They are developing a cocaine-vaccine that just about eliminates all effects of the drug. This would ensure that even if an addict were to have a relapse, the drug would have no effect, and the incentive to do the drug is taken away.Dealers of crack and cocaine usually were crack and cocaine users first. These drugs are fabulously addictive. For users to support their habits many of them turn to dealing the drug. If our society can drive a way to break the hertz of addiction there is accept that we can start to turn the tide on the war on drugs. Our government simply has to recognize that we are dealing with an addiction crisis, and not necessarily bad people who are the scourge of society. Drug courts are a new movement going across our nation. A court system set up to deal with drug crimes only.These courts are now operating or have plans to be operating in all fifty states. The first drug court was established in Dade County in 1981. Drug courts are set up to give first time offenders a second chance. Conditions of sentencing typically involve mandatory drug testing along with therapy. If first time offenders can successfully complete the treatment program in most cases their crime is removed from their criminal record. Since many first time offenders are juveniles or young adults, this allows them to receive federal aid through FAFSA.In turn it makes it easier for them to receive higher education services, which gives them a better chance at getting the skills they need for jobs. This in turn makes it more unlikely that they will revert to their old lifestyles of drug dealing now that they are treated for a drug addiction and have been given the tools they need to succeed. Drug courts are very strict though. If a participant in the program fails to attend a therapy meeting or has a positive return on a drug test, they are sent directly to jail. The program is only for those who want to intensify their lives.It is true that there are some people who do not want to change and they should be in jail if they do not want to reform to the laws of this country. Along with anti-depressants and revolutionary new research organism done to address this nations addiction to drugs the twelve trample bring is the most used system for drug rehabilitation. The twelve step process forces the user to admit he or she is powerless over the drug and that a higher power can help them rejuvenate their sanity. This has its own constitutional conflictions with the separation of church and state.The twelve step process is only one option that can be taken towards drug rehabilitation though. It could be set up where defendants could choose a assurance based rehabilitation program through the state or a non faith based rehabilitation program. There is no one scheme that works for every addict. Each case needs to be dealt with on a personal basis. They need to get to the bottom of why they want to use drugs. There is typically an underlying issue in a users life that causes them to search for an escape. The escape that ends many people in prison for lengthy sentences happens to come from crack and cocaine for too many people.Our rehabilitation centers need to work closely with the patients family whenever this is possible. Most drug users have families that are drug users as well. It is a perpe tual cycle that continues to go on. It continues to go on because the underlying problems within the family are not addressed and they continue to turn to drugs in an attempt to escape the issues. Families are typically the best support system for a user essay to go clean. Without the help of the family or a family like atmosphere, users find it exhausting to see a reason why they should quit.They need to see the impact that it makes on their loved ones to make it real to them. The ugliness needs to be shown in order for the user to see the full consequences of his or her actions. I am not proposing that we get rid of prison sentences for drug offenders by any center. We should only offer rehab to first time offenders who will be able to show whether they truly wish to change their lives for the better. If you have been through the program once and reverted back, then you have not proven to society that you are willing to be a productive law-biding citizen.Everyone deserves a sec ond chance, but not necessarily a third or fourth. Rehabilitation of our countrys drug users not only has a higher success rate than that of our prisons, it is also more cost efficient. The amount of people within our jail and prison systems is estimated to be above six million people. Approximately half of these inmates used drugs regularly the month prior to their apprehension. It is fair to say then that nearly half of our prison population is candidates for drug rehabilitation programs rather than prison systems. The average cost for incarcerating an individual for a year is $20,000.The average cost of treatment at a rehabilitation center is around $9,000. It currently costs our government around one billion dollars annually to incarcerate its prison population. By taking the half of the prison population that are habitual users and putting them in treatment centers, the government could save a quarter of a billion dollars a year. Not only that but the repeat offender rate for t hose that have gone through the treatment centers is only a fourth of that for a prison sentence. Rehabilitation centers have a success rate of cardinal to seventy five portion.When those figures are applied to the prison population that means that at the lowest success rate twenty five percent of our prison population would become productive members of society. While the repeat offender rate for rehabilitation centers is between forty and twenty five percent, prison are seventy five percent. With our current system over half a million of our non-violent offenders will be back in prison for the same crime, while with rehabilitation at worst it would be around three hundred thousand. The key to success with our rehabilitation centers is to provide long bourn assistance.It will be much better off for the nation as a whole to treat the triggers of addiction before it gets out of hand. Yes it is the addicts fault the he or she is addicted, but this does not mean that we should let so ciety hurt on a principle of stubbornness. We should help our pesterer man stay clean if he wants to be clean. With long term assistance programs for patients of rehabilitation programs, the success rate can reach as high as ninety five percent. I am not naive enough to think that this high of a number will work just as well for prisoners.Some prisoners simply do not want to break their addiction. If they do not want to change their lives, there is very little that rehab will do for a patient. union has treated the drug problem within this country with extremely harsh punishments. We have been blind to see that we have been approaching the problem with the ravish strategy. Rehabilitation and education are the two strongest weapons in the war on drugs. If we change the lives of drug offenders, we will be able to exchange a large portion of our prison population into productive members of society.This would turn people who used to be a burden on taxpayers into taxpayers themselves. This would ultimately help the economy of America and the overall quality of life. The idea of drug reform in this country may be a daunting task, but it needs to be done. If we do nothing about the problem it will never go away, and as it has shown so far it will only get worse. The old ways of thinking are clearly not working. Something needs to be done about this problem. There is a reason why we have the highest incarceration rate of all industrialized nations.It is because half of our incarcerated citizens are non-violent drug offenders. If we can move towards treating an illness instead of punishing a crime, our country will be better off. Less people will be incarcerated citizens are non-violent drug offenders. If we can move towards treating an illness instead of punishing a crime, our country will be better off. Less people will be incarcerated and will be productive, moving our country towards a better tomorrow.

“Ozymandias” by Percy Bysshe Shelley Essay

Ozymandias (pron. /zimndis/,2 also pronounced with four syllables in order to fit the poems meter) is a praise by Percy Bysshe Shelley, print in 1818 in the 11 January issue of The Examiner in capital of the United Kingdom. It is frequently anthologised and is probably Shelleys most famous short poem. It was create verbally in competition with his friend Horace Smith, who wrote another sonnet entitled Ozymandias seen below. In addition to the power of its themes and imagery, the poem is notable for its virtuosic diction. The rhyme scheme of the sonnet is unusual and creates a sinuous and interwoven effect.Contents1 summary2 Publication history3 Smiths poem4 Cultural influence5 References6 Further interpreting7 External linkseditAnalysis1817 draft by Percy Bysshe Shelley, Bodleian LibraryPercy Bysshe Shelleys 1817 fair copy, Bodleian LibraryThe central theme of Ozymandias is the inevitable decline of tout ensemble leaders, and of the empires they build, however mighty in their own time.The Younger Memnon statue of Ramesses II in the British Museum thought to feel inspired the poem Ozymandias represents a transliteration into Hellenic of a part of Ramesses thr superstar name, User-maat-re Setep-en-re. The sonnet paraphrases the inscription on the seat of the statue, given by Diodorus Siculus in his Bibliotheca historica, as King of Kings am I, Osymandias. If anyone would realise how great I am and where I lie, let him surpass one of my works.56 Shelleys poem is frequently said to aim been inspired by the 1821 arrival in London of a colossal statue of Ramesses II, acquired for the British Museum by the Italian adventurer Giovanni Belzoni in 1816.Rodenbeck and Chaney, however,8 point out that the poem was written andpublished before the statue arrived in Britain, and thus that Shelley could not have seen it. Its notoriety in Western Europe preceded its actual arrival in Britain (Napoleon had previously made an unsuccessful attempt to acquire it for F rance, for example), and thus it may have been its repute or news of its imminent arrival rather than seeing the statue itself which provided the inspiration. The 2008 edition of the travel talent scout Lonely Planets guide to Egypt says that the poem was inspired by the fallen statue of Ramesses II at the Ramesseum, a memorial temple built by Ramesses at Thebes, near Luxor in Upper Egypt.This statue, however, does not have two vast and trunkless legs of stone, nor does it have a shattered visage with a frown / And wrinkled lip, and gibe of cold command. Nor does the base of the statue at Thebes have any inscription, although Ramessess cartouche is inscribed on the statue itself. Among the earlier senses of the verb to mock is to fashion an imitation of macrocosm (as in a mock-up),10 still by Shelleys day the current sense to ridicule (especially by mimicking) had come to the fore. This sonnet is often incorrectly quoted or reproduced.11 The most common misquotation Look upon my works, ye Mighty, and hopelessness replaces the correct on with upon, thus turning the regular decasyllabic (iambic pentameter) euphony into an 11-syllable line.Publication historyBoth Percy Bysshe Shelley and Horace Smith submitted a sonnet on the subject to The Examiner published by Leigh Hunt in London. Shelleys was published on January 11, 1818 under the pen name Glirastes, appearing on page 24 under Original Poetry. Smiths was published, with the initials H.S., on February 1, 1818. Shelleys poem was later republished under the title Sonnet. Ozymandias in his 1819 compendium Rosalind and Helen, A Modern Eclogue with Other Poems by Charles and James Ollier and in the 1826 Miscellaneous and Posthumous Poems of Percy Bysshe Shelley by William Benbow, both in London.Smiths poemIN Egypts sandy silence, all alone,Stands a great complication, which far off throwsThe only shadow that the Desert knowsI am great OZYMANDIAS, saith the stone,The King of Kings this mighty City show sThe wonders of my hand. The Citys gone, zip but the Leg remaining to discloseThe site of this forgotten Babylon.We wonder,and round Hunter may expressWonder like ours, when thro the wildernessWhere London stood, holding the Wolf in chace,He meets some fragment huge, and dinero to guessWhat powerful but unrecorded raceOnce dwelt in that annihilated place. Horace Smith.13Percy Bysshe Shelley wrote this poem in competition with his friend Horace Smith, who published his sonnet a month after Shelleys in the similar magazine.14 It takes the same subject, tells the same story, and makes a similar moral point, but one related more directly to modernity, ending by imagining a hunter of the future looking in wonder on the ruins of an annihilated London. It was originally published under the same title as Shelleys verse but in later collections Smith retitled it On A Stupendous Leg of Granite, Discovered Standing by Itself in the Deserts of Egypt, with the Inscription Inserted under.Cul tural influenceThe poem has made numerous appearances in best-selling(predicate) culture, and has significantly influenced the production of new creative works. For example, Terry Carrs acquaintance fiction short story Ozymandias was inspired by the poem, as was the poetry Ozymandias by Jean-Jacques Burnel. Edward Elgar began setting the poem to music, but never finished it. The known setting appears to be that in Russian for baritone by the Ukrainian composer Borys Lyatoshynsky. On television, Monty Pythons Flying Circus featured a serio shadyal parody named Ozymandias, King of Ants, and the Beauty and the Beast episode titled Ozymandias include a reading of the entire poem.Writer Alan Moore named a superhero in the comic book miniseries Watchmen after Ozymandias, and overtly quoted the poem and the alternative rock sort out Sisters of Mercy wrote the song Ozymandias which appeared on the B side of the 1987 single rule/Mother Russia from the album Floodland.Short excerpts of the poem, or references to its title, have appeared in a variety of other contexts including the set for the Closing Ceremony of the 2012 Olympic Games on 12 August 2012.

Environment: Pollution and Human Activity

Nowadays the Earth faces a number of thoughtful problems, much(prenominal) as the environment defilement, the increasing people, the fatal do of nuclear weapons, etc. The problems arising from not just development in terms of skill and technology but in like manner the take in up in sympathetic demands establish on population and economy.According to Professor David Karoly from the Department of Earth Sciences at the University of Melbourne, it is prison term to take urgent action to slow global warming by world activities, be private road the impacts of human-caused climate change in many natural systems much earlier than previous studies had projected which are creation seen (Proof humans bring in damaged earth, 2008). There is inconvertible fact that in history of humanity, human causes detrimental effects on earth. Indeed, human bodily process affects nature and human environment. For centuries, many activities of human chip in destroyed ecosystem of the Eart h.De timbreation and over-hunting is one of the main causes of this dependable situation. The world is very big, but natural resources are not endless. In fact, Dave Gilbert (2012) announced that nearly a fifth of the Brazilian forest has been lost since 1970. That means all of the trees, plants, insects, animals and people who live there all killed or forced to find a new home. The world population is growing rapidly, so people need nutrition and shelter. Many food and housing means that they need more land from nature. Therefore, they cut blast trees to build houses, deforest to plant vegetables and raise cattle.They destroy natural areas in order to expand cities and towns, and they overuse natural resources. Now people provided can see some animals in the zoo because they rush disappeared in nature. In addition, intensive and indiscriminate fishing in fresh weewee systems, such as Lake Victoria in East Africa have catastrophic effects may prove to biodiversity (Elsa & Mic hael, 2011). Poaching is not only a proficient problem but also massive over-fishing. Many nations have prohibited illegal activities, but enforcement is very difficult. Industrial pollution and daily blow is also a major factor affecting the environment.Admittedly, people are producing more and more rubbish, because they prefer to eat the ready-made food. This has given come near to the rubbish production. These garbage produce in many ways and unfortunately, have unstable effect on ecosystem. Susan Patterson (2014) showed that farmers in the U. S. use about 450 jillion kilograms of pesticides every year, so most of the rivers and streams in the U. S. have more chemicals that cause cancer and birth defects. In industry, many companies are causing a lot of pollution. The fast rate of growth of chemicals industry has seriously touched the health of not only the environment but also the population.The companies have chimneys that emit bad toxic that pollutes the aura. They also use chemicals that are bad for the environment. The chemicals have bad environmental effect on the water and ground. The environments pollution levels are important, because it can effect badly on human bodies. Air pollution can affect the ability to breath, water pollution can affect human health, and lastly the ground pollution can affect all sorts of different cancers, such as lymph thickening cancer and stomach cancer. Correspondingly, the companies also occupy many places where animals and plants live.The projects improve roads and highways between beautiful greenwood and virgin forest. Therefore, with decreasing forests, people face to increase the hitman of carbon dioxide that there are not enough plants to earn it. According to Chennal (2012), as many as 300 volunteers from Youth Exnora worldwide and HCL Technologies cleaned Marina Beach on July 4. For resolving the increasing stress on the environment and resources, and also responding to the ever-increasing demands o f the citizens for environmental quality nourishion and improvement in ecological environment, many organizations and campaigns is set up to protect environment.On the other hand, the modern demeanor brings human many convenient things such as road and cars. human race can travel or go to other places more conveniently. They also have more convenient and entertaining things such as television, microwave, computer, and tenor conditioner. No one can deny that some human activities make the earth a better to live. However, these things could destroy our environment. A lot of air pollution emits to environment from electricity generation. Exhausted gas from cars and flue gas from factories also pollute the air.Besides, the natural resources that used as the main force are not endless as we thought. Modern industries need more and more resources such as oils, gases, fuels, and water. So, people faced to the serious problems such as the shortage of fuels and water. Human will die of thirst if they bumble water, or die of hungry if they waste the needful fuels that they need for formulation food. If human are not careful about how we use the natural resources, they will lose many of them in the near future.The Earth is being changes by human-caused. Many people are still trying to protect the environment against danger. With practical activities such as planting trees, building subject area parks, protecting danger animals, etc. However, the bad influences are outweighed the good. Human activity is harming not only the Earth but also the living habitats of animals and people. In sum, people should consider carefully before doing something to minimize bad influences on the earth and protect the human life.

Dowry Problem in India Essay

Gandhi ji said- Any young homo who takes luck fo acquire married , disrespects his education, country and womanhood. Our society is rich of evil systems. One of those evil systems is parcel. Dowry is defined as the legal injury paid by p atomic number 18nts to get their daughters married as well for acquiring them the place in the family which they deserve. Over the years cases of percentage harassment and cases of circumstances deaths have multiplied. In Hindu marriage ceremony system, a system termed as kanyaddan is performed in which the bride is given to the husband and in-laws along with huge sums of money, furniture, house, car, etc. or more precisely bride along with dowry. The dowry system has converted something as pure as marriage into a business transaction and the bride into a saleable commodity or a key to more money.Debts ar taken so that the grooms family can be leadd with a large dowry. This creates a burden on the brides family. Girls begin to echo of the mselves as a burden on their families and accept spinsterhood as their destine or commit suicide. Dowry has also led to an increase in female feticide and female infanticide which has greatly affected the male-female ratio in the country. Heavy dowry is demanded for educate boys. This has ruined the lives of many brilliant girls. Brilliant, educated and economically independent girls cannot get married to so-called educated boys because their parents cannot provide their in-laws with a huge dowry demanded by them. Even after marriage such girls are tortured to bring in more money, and ultimately, they each commit suicide or lose their mental balance. People who turn over in taking dowry say that dowry acts as a financial help to the newlyweds. They say that while marriage acts as a life insurance for girls, marriage acts as its premium.They also say that a girl who carries a respectable amount of dowry to her husband and in-laws feels convinced(p) while a girl who carries a les s amount of dowry feels uncomfortable and apprehensive. In 1961, the government passed the Dowry Prohibition Act to remove the dowry system. However, this act, instead of subsiding dowry, took its roots to a deeper level in the society. It is said that on an average one woman is being killed in every four hours n the issue of dowry in India. However, immobile public rejection is being noticed on the issue of dowry among the youth. They are not ready to give or take dowry for getting married. They are really coming forward to abolish the evil. Our society inescapably such responsible youth to abolish the evil system of dowry in India. There is finally a positive beam of glisten shown in utmost darkness, but to convert this positive beam of glint into utmost lightness, we, the common people of India have to take effective healing(p) steps We should start a strong propaganda to abolish the evil. People should cultivate demonstrations against those who take dowry. Strict laws shou ld be passed to prohibit taking and giving dowry. schoolboyish girls should take serious action when their family is demanded with dowry. Proper education should be imparted to girls as well as they should be made economically independent to belt along the process. Love marriages, inter-caste marriages as well as inter-provisional marriages may also help. Cases of dowry free marriages should be the news item on the bulletin. This will aid the youth. Right now, in our society, a man who does not join for love, learns to marry for possessions. We have to change the picture. SAY NO TO DOWRY

The Impact of Social Media Marketing in Marketing Communication Opportunities: in Context of Dell

tabular array of cognitive content No. Content Page Number 1. T subject of Content 1 2. Abstract 2 3. Introduction 3 4. Literature review 4 5. dell Business Model 7 6 meet of affable Media merchandising in dingle Current intercourse work knocked out(p) 8 7. Ch bothenges of fond Media Marketing in the Marketing Environment 11 8. Benefits of fond Media Marketing in the Marketing Environment 13 9. induction 15 10. References 16 2. AbstractSocial media market is no longish a foreign to backing marketer at presentadays. This paper entrust audition the impact of tender media selling on the trade confabulation opportunities in context of dingle in the United States. Basically, this assignment testament be begun with the introduction which generally explains roughly the emergence of mixer media. Next, some(prenominal) lit reviews testament be leave aloned to explain on the marketing parley app residueage and how social media marketing impact on the dell current intercourse service.Then, several challenges and goods of social media marketing will be illustrated at the end of this paper. Keywords social media marketing, marketing communion process, media vehicle, consumers, pass along 3. Introduction Undeniably, revolution of socio-technological has significantly changed the ways and intend of media consumption. From super-fast digitally empower laptops to mobile eBook readers. All of these aspects exact affected how cable (brands) and consumers communicate and thus stoop the way of marketing communications will be functioning.One of the most significant evolutions when mess talk nigh marketing tools or strategies is the emergence of social media marketing. Fundamentally, social media marketing is a way of consorting with consumers by means of the current technology (i. e. The Inter enlighten). As of now, on that point ar more than 800 million active customrs in Facebook, over 3 billion videos ar viewed per da y and 100 million people use peep every single day. Having all social media channel lendable for consumers, this provides consumers with plenty of choices in increases and function in the market.Alongside, social media marketing has impacted on contrastes marketing communication opportunities. 4. Literature Review The emergence of overbold communication channels via the Internet has tremendously affect tradinges way of marketing strategies (Owen and Humphrey, 2009). One of the most significant bristlements to the marketers is the effects from the Internet evolution from the times of Web 2. 0 or social media as a media vehicle to deliver the marrow to the drive market (Constantinides et al. 2008). Social media marketing in this context is the opportunities provided for logical argument to communicate with the society, with the help of the organizations brand, thus resulting in grammatical construction a positive connection and develop brand influence through and through with(predicate) the Internet as the medium of communication (Pandey, 2010). Murphy (2010) mentioned that a wide marketing scheme occurs when organization or marketer utilize the castigate communication channels or media to send the in effect(p) nub and stretch the right market.Therefore, it is vital for marketer to visualise the communication process when using social media as the media vehicle in the marketing communication. Kotler (n. d. , p. 546) mentioned that on that point atomic number 18 several elements that involved in the communication process in station to determine potent communication. The major two parties in the communication atomic number 18 the sender (marketer) and receiver (market). A nonher major communication tool is the media vehicle or media channel which carries the message to the receiver.Alongside the communication parties and media vehicle, there are four major communication functions encoding, decoding, response and feedback. Finally, t he element of noise as well as interferes in the communication process. Dargiewicz (2010) suggested that in order to communicate in an effective way, the sender essential take a crap an understanding of the point of the message, who are the seat audience to be reached and how the audience will interpret and respond to the message. Schramms im soulate of communication points out that the senders ncoding process must be coherent with the behind audiences decoding process, whereby, the more marketer arena of get under ones skin overlaps with the target markets field of experience, the grittyer is the effectiveness of process of communication (Dargiewicz, 2010 Holm, 2006). The matches of both parties experiences are called the overlap Frame of Reference. Figure 1 Willbur Schramm model Source Dargiewicsz, K. (2010) Monologue vs Dialogue How Innovative Social Media Technology ontogenesis Effective Marketing Communication Strategies online. gettable at http//www. slide make out . et/guywithideas/social-media-dissertation Accessed fifteenth declination 2011 The high level of trust associated with social media as the media vehicle makes social media is super agreeable among the target audiences compared to traditional media vehicle such(prenominal) as televisions, red-hotspapers, billboard and etc. (Inklingmedia, n. d. ). Mohr and Nevin (1990), bring up that, the absent of trust whitethorn distort the message that is being sent. According to DesignDamage (n. d. ), social media fosters a highly transactional model of communication which it ceases nonpartizan communication through the feedback chemical mechanism that traditional media not able to offer.Traditional media vehicles were in like manner argued to be a moreover one-way process communication, whereby, the message is not clearly communicated or original by the target audience in most of the time (Dargiewicz, 2010). The divided up Frame of Reference suggested by Willbur Schramm model is integ rated with social media because it offers consumers to share their experience in the communication process. Calder and Malthouse (2005) supports that everything that influence the nodes experience is a potential marketing vehicle.Therefore, in order to illustrate the dodging of social media marketing in context of organization, this paper will look at the impact of social media marketing in dingle tidy sum in the United States. 5. dell Business Model The founder of dingle Computer Incorporation is Michael dingle in 1984. dingles special products are personal and office computers and business of Dell also engages in other products such as printers and software. A feature that determines PC companies such as Dell to manage their products is through standardization of PCs. The main benefit of standardization is that it helps Dell to restrict the equal of productions.However, when Dell adopted standardization strategy, it made Dell more generic with other PCs companies suc h as IBM, Compact and Hewlett-Packard since most of PCs companies had access to the same suppliers such as Intel and Microsoft. Therefore, Dell started a new direct business model based on customization admittance that enables computers or laptops to be produced jibe to nodes requirements in order to be more competitive. However, standardization approached has still remained in Dells business model. The customization approach varies its products from customer to another customer without changing the brand name.Having customization strategy in Dell business model, Dell has to eliminate third troupe as the middle-man and sell its products presently to the final customer, whether the commercial customers or individual(a) users. Such business model allows Dell to reach more clients and business units and cut cost with simplify supply chain. Unfortunately, Dell is facing regular(a) a bigger issue to balance out the standardization and customization approach as there is no one perf ect method. According to The Indian Institute of proviso and Management (n. d. ), customer is the tell economic device driver to what Dell is doing.Therefore, Dell extended its approach to engage with their customers through the social media marketing to market their brand and communicate with their customers. 6. Impact of Social Media Marketing on Current Dell Communication Process Many companies including Dell, have realized that social media is a new platform for communication. Dells key policy is always being a direct and effective in terms of its communications. Dell and digital communication through the meshwork was never separated since it started to conduct e-commerce business which selling its customized products directly to the customer.Since Dell salty the blogosphere in 2006, social media marketing has always been its core communication and marketing strategies. According to Dave (2011), social media efforts at Dell helps to sustain the business objectives such as ai m to reduce cost, augment revenue and kick upstairs customers satisfaction. According to Blythe (2000), the first key of effective communication is to identify the target audience. Social media marketing provide opportunities for dell to separate their target audiences agree to social media channel. For example, Dell alliance has a mixture of blogs that reflects several key channels.This includes discussion on education to business consultation. diametrical range of blogs that provided by Dell ensures that cultivation and discussion would be used to cater several specification of audiences. In a same way, Dell has different kinds of Twitter channels to reflect different purposes. Correspond to Dell Cares, it provides assistance to the customer on any matter related to the Dells products. This portrays how Dell has separated its branding strategy and how various Twitter accounts sensed other than by the audiences.Therefore, Dell will be able to encode the right message such ma rketing campaign, to the specific target audience through the right social media channel. There are many other brands out there in the market today compared to in the past. Dargiewicz (2010) points out that all are trying to communicate a large number of messages to their target audience daily, which interfering the target audience to get the right message across. Thus, social media has changed the communication landscape in providing opportunities for Dell to have a two-way communication with its customers.A good communication is the role of the encoders and decoders skill and its portrayed by the medium which the encoded message is delivered. established the effectiveness of social media as the medium of communication, Direct2Dell was launched by Dell, its very own corporate blog through Twitter. Its social media efforts have provided a two-way asymmetric communications, whereby, target audiences able to provide feedback content such as ratings and reviews with regards to the i ssues of Dells products.Moreover, the feedback provided by the customer is in real-time, whereby, the feedback is come directly from customers and Dell able to value their products. For instance, product that has five-stars rating should stay and two-star ratings should be removed. According to Pickton and Broderick (2001, p. 182), feedback will improve the accuracy of the communication to ensure that message has been correctly received and understood, which is one of the reasons why social media is a fibrous communication vehicle in Dell communication process.Plus, the CEO of Dell Computer, emphasized that company must be able to listen and connect with its customers and emergence of social media has provided Dell the opportunity to engage with its customers (Farrelly, 2009). Given the feedback mechanism that social media can offer, Dells has taken a major step to establish a Social Media Listening Command cracker bonbon in order to stay connected with its customers. Channey (200 9) points out that listening are no longer an option but rather a new marketing. Listening is crucial in the communication process because it allows Dell to understand what customers want and how customers perceive the brand.Not totally did social media marketing allow Dell to understand their customers, , Dell are able to discover about a massive amount of issues that consumers were having with their products through their blog observeing platform. The system could track each of these and would instantly recognize trends in the midst of products, geographic areas, or specific communications with Dell. For instance, Dell proactively approach consumers in the blogosphere and in online residential district about battery recall, thus allow better response and fix customers problem as quickly as possible.Plus, customers were also able to check whether their battery part of the recall. Furthermore, social media marketing has fostered high Shared Frame of Reference between the sender (marketer) and the receiver (audience) that influence effective communication. Dell has created online objected studio that get tos the ability for its customers to change the design of their laptops by choosing a custom switchable lid themselves. Online designed studio has apt(p) Dells customers the opportunities to virtually experience the outcome of their customization laptop, thus, encourage Shared Frame of Reference between Dell and its customers.In addition, not only did social media marketing fostered high Shared Frame of Reference between the marketer and the audience but also among Dell customers. Dell has launched online community for its existing and potential customers to communicate and interchange information. According to Bazaarvoice (n. d. ), 90 share of consumers online belief the urge onations from people they know and 70 percent belief the opinions of unnamed users because people tend to trust and often seek the advice from another person or group of peop le over brands.This characteristic enables consumer to gather as much information about Dells related products and services before making purchase decision. Shaw et al. (2000, p. 152) added that a positive feedback can felon into a good promotion the brand of the product. This is why social media perceived to have a higher(prenominal) level of trust and it is more acceptable compared to other media. 7. Challenges of Social Media Marketing in the Marketing Environment Social media marketing has certainly influence the communication process of Dell with its consumer.However, there are several challenges that social media is facing in the marketing environment. Social media allows thousands of conversation streams to be addressed per day. Merely representing a team of marketers will not be able to handle such a big(p) amount of conversation. Definitely, the number of marketers is not sufficient and it is more likely that these marketers are not equipped with comprehensively subject m atter expertise that requisite them to communicate and respond at the proper level of reliable conversation. The import of ignoring this can be overwhelming.The risks of involving untrained employees to represents on behalf of Dell could jeopardize Dell personality. Once Dell encouraged its employees to be active on blogs, Dell is exposed to the risk of staff members writing negatively and revealing clandestine information about the organization. For example, in 2007, a former employee of Dell had stick on a list of tips in a blog for customers who are look for for Dell products (Farrelly, 2009). The employee had no issues with Dell and just wanted to share information for customers such as the best time to purchase and how to get the sterling(prenominal) deal.Therefore, it is essential for Dell to have proper employees that have the ability to monitor and respond to its consumers thought. Additionally, due to high transparency in social media, competitors whitethorn know the strategies of Dell and consumers are more well-informed about Dell products and price strategy. Essentially, the engaging process with customers has always been in charged by the Dell marketing department. However, the trend has changed since the emergence of social media. The consumers are now communicating about the organizations product with other online users who are not the employees.In fact, 66 percent of brand opinions are generated by customers and 34 percent are by blogger (Dave, 2011). The growing popularity of online communities has allow consumers to exchange information and able to compare with competitors prices without any barricades. This means Dell have lost their ability to control over on how and where their products and services are being presented to existing and potential customers. Moreover, any disappointed Dell customer able to share their negative judgment on particular products. The bounteous feedback posted on Twitter or Facebook can easily go viral as good news.For instance, in 2005, Jeff Jarvis, blogger and famous journalist and prof created a personal blog know as Dell Hell. Jeff had a problem with his Dell computer and frustrated with Dell customer service. Therefore, he swayed his frustration with Dells products and customer support on the blog. Dell Hell served as a place for other consumers to express their frustration on Dell. As for Dell, the situation has attracted the attention of other media from The innovative York Times, Business Week, The Houston Chronicle and many others, thus, reputation of Dell as the well-known brand for PCs was at disaster.Moreover, the social media habit or consumption of the late audience may differ compared to the previous generation. It has been a challenge for the marketers to develop marketing communication strategies in order to sync with this modern lecture to make sure that the transmitted brand messages are received and powerful encoded across different age group. The two-year -old audiences who are called digital natives were embossed up in the modern technological era. They have been adapted to the using and respond to information in a different way with their predecessors.Different to the young audience, the previous generations are known as digital immigrants because they are exposed with modern technologies only in the later stage compared to the young audience. They have different ways of understanding the language of social media. Therefore, this will be probably a challenge for businesses including Dell to strategize how to get the message across different age group through social media marketing. 8. Benefits of Social Media Marketing Although social media marketing have its disadvantages, it has also brought several value in the marketing environment.Firstly, due to the fact that social media has no barrier for communication it has encouraged companies like Dell to allow customer society in their marketing strategies. For example, Dell has cre ated Dells IdeaStorm, one of the online Community blogs to encourage conversation with its existing and potential consumers. The benefit that the IdeaStorm is able to give is it allows crowdsourcing from the consumers. This is an effective way for Dell to obtain ideas for their company and more importantly, it provides a sense of belonging from onsumers because their opinion influences the internal decision making, thus increase their loyalty, brand awareness and reaffirm their positioning. Plus, not only social media provide suggestion to Dell, it also help other fellow customers to fix their problem. The process are similar to other social media, whereby, people join the community, recommend their opinions or ideas and then, Dell will respond to the most popular ideas according to the number of votes. In addition, it also provides a free market research for Dell.This is a benefit for Dell because most of surveys conducted are deemed to be futile because it only focus on certain groups and also incur higher cost. Finally, social media marketing has also assist Dell in their pricing strategy. Since the consumers are more active in social media, Dell able to get their opinion and forecast the demand and price of their products. Plus, Dell product customization business model through the social media marketing can reduce their sales cycle. Different from short sales cycle, long sales cycles requires people at several stages of the buying process.Ironically, when salespeople are spending their time engaging new businesses and relationship to ensure that customers receive satisfactory answers, he or she is rather unproductive because company only creates money if customers are truly buying the products. This leading up to opportunity cost because the salesperson is not making any deals. Therefore, Dell able to reduce the marketing cost through social media marketing. 9. Conclusion In conclusion, Dell has continuously evaluated its business model to search for r ooms of improvement and ways to enhance their customer service.Social media marketing has certainly influenced Dell in their marketing communication process and widened their reach to its existing and potential customers. In the early days of Dell in the blogosphere, Dell has effectively incorporated social media into its marketing and communications strategy and had been awarded for its efforts. Despite of the effort to integrate social media marketing into the business, social media marketing has its drawbacks. Dell cannot afford to put their brand reputation at risk and thus, must find ways to overcome the challenges. Today, Dell US is one f the top companies that is being respected and known as the citizen of the social media. Hence, Dell had applied this new establish familiarity to really change the culture and advance the marketing strategy man constantly being focus and direct with its customers. (3078 words) References 1. Bazaarvoice (n. d. ) Social Commerce Statistics o nline. obtainable at http//www. bazaarvoice. com/resources/stats Accessed 16th declination 2011 2. Blythe, J. (2000) The Communication mix. In Marketing Communications. Harlow Pearson reading Limited 3. Calder, B. J. and Edward C. M. 2005) Managing Media and Advertising Change with Integrated Marketing, diary of Advertising Research, Vol 45(4), pp. 356-361 online. in stock(predicate) at http//web. ebscohost. com/ehost/detail? sid=fe58d1b1-1a35-4d30-a99d-d1943e084662%40sessionmgr111&vid=1&hid=111&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3ddb=buh&AN=20486625 Accessed at 12th December 2011 4. Channey, P. (2009) Social Media Listening is the New Marketing online. gettable at http//www. practicalecommerce. com/articles/976-Social-Media-Listening-is-the-New-Marketing Accessed 15th December 2011 5. Constantinides, E. et al. 2008) Social Media A New limit for Retailer?. European Retail Research, Vol 22, pp. 1-28 online. Available at http//www. utwente. nl/mb/nikos/publications/ecpapers/consta ntinidessocialmedia. pdf Accessed fourteenth December 2011 6. Dargiewicsz, K. (2010) Monologue vs Dialogue How Innovative Social Media Technology growing Effective Marketing Communication Strategies online. Available at http//www. slideshare. net/guywithideas/social-media-dissertation Accessed 15th December 2011 7. Dave, R. (2011) How to Engage in Social Media A Dell posture online. Available at http//i. dell. om/sites/content/business/solutions/power/en/Documents/ps1q11-20110266-socialmedia. pdf Accessed at 15th December 2011 8. DesignDamage (n. d. ) The Secret to Social Media Communication Online. Available at http//www. designdamage. com/the-secret-to-social-media-communication-success/ Accessed 12th December 2011 9. Farelly, J. M. (2009) Digital Communication at Dell. Dartmouth College Online. Available at http//www. tuck. dartmouth. edu/cds-uploads/case-studies/pdf/6-0032. pdf Accessed 10th December 2011 10. Holm, O. (2006) Communication Processes in Critical Systems Dialogue Concerning Communications.Journal of Marketing Practices Applied Marketing Science, Vol 24(5), pp. 493-504 online. Available at http//www. emeraldinsight. com/journals. htm? articleid=1567118&show= consider Accessed 16th December 2011 11. InklingMedia (n. d. ) Social Media vs Traditional Media Online. Available at http//inklingmedia. net/social-media/social-media-vs-traditional-media/ Accessed 13th December 2011 12. Kotler, P. (n. d. ) Integrated Marketing Communication Strategy , pp. 536-572 Online. Available at http//www. pearsoned. ca/highered/divisions/virtual_tours/kotler/kotler_ch13. pdf Accessed 13th December 2011 3. Mohr, J and Nevin, J. R. (1990) Communication Strategies in Marketing channel Theoretical Perspective. The Journal of Marketing, Vol. 54 (4), pp. 36-51 online. Available at http//www. jstor. org/stable/1251758? seq=1 Accessed 15th December 2011 14. Murphy, D. (2010) Traditional vs. New Media Channels Online. Available at http//masterful-marketing. com/marketing -channel-strategy/ Accessed 12th December 2011 15. Owen, R. and Humphrey, P. (2009) The Structure of Online Marketing Communication Channels. Journal of Management and Marketing Research, Vol 2, pp. 1-10 online. Available at http//www. abri. com/manuscripts/09135. pdf Accessed 13th December 2011 16. Pandey, S. (n. d. ) Social Media Marketing and New Age Communication Online. Available at http//www. slideshare. net/sycamore/cfakepathsocial-mediacommimi Accessed 12th December 2011 17. Pickton, D. and Broderick, A. (2001) Integrated Marketing Communications. assimilator Hall Pearson Education. 18. Shaw, M. et al. (2000) Handbook on Electronic Commerce. Germany Springer 19. The Institute of Planning and Management (n. d. ) Dell online. Available at http//www. docstoc. com/docs/6458876/Dell-Distribution-Mgmt Accessed 11th December 2011

Toyota Etios Consumers behavior

more than for less positioning strategy has been used. Toyota is whirl more benefits at a less price. It is the most trustworthy brand name. The very limited metrical composition in which it will be sold, which means that if a person excite adept of these then he/she will be only one of 900 people In a country of over a one million million to own It. B) Is the newfound product evolved because of changing consumer behavior? Toyota has been known forIts commitment towards the changing customer requirements so the new Egos soap has been introduced to bring in freshness and exclusivity to the existing product. Toyota has in addition launched its gondola in both accelerator pedal and diesel. Consumers who are looking for aspects such as reliability and fuel might are now withal giving great preference to engine room when buying and driving an automobile so Toyota has designed this car guardianship In mind the preference of the buyers. Previous supernumerary faced dozens o f criticism for Its unlearning design and below par quality of the Interiors butOtiose Exclusive energize all the essential elements that were previously missing and it is now more telltale(a) to look at and provide a great driving experience. C) Resulted qualifying in the consumer behavior. Otiose with its latest model and new alluring features is acquiring great attention from the customers. The exclusive limited offer of providing only 900 cars In a country of population over a billion Is also helping Toyota In gaining customers Interest. Tells headlamp and ROVE. The Otiose Exclusive also has a new Bluetooth Audio system and s based on the G grade of the stream lineup.Otiose Exclusive being launched in both natural gas and diesel is also attracting people interested in either of two. Toyota has also kept in mind the preference of the customers for fuel effective car and has accordingly designed the product, thus making it a fuel efficient car. This along with various features of Otiose Exclusive has managed to attract lots of customers and has resulted in booking of cars in advance. D) Customization of marketing mix Elements of marketing mix damage List Price RSI. Sacs to 7. 1 lacksCredit Terms- Toyota Financial Services is offering Otiose Exclusive customers an exclusive opportunity to avail a 100% on lane funding for seven years on a nonentity good deal payment scheme. Discount- Otiose Exclusive owners will also be offered a free Smile Service Package which will accomplish them a 50% discount on aid related to abide by added services. PRODUCT- Otiose exclusive new front full-chrome grille, new chrome garb on the titillate, headlamp and ROVE. The Otiose Exclusive also has a new Bluetooth Audio system and is based on the G grade of the current lineup.Toyota is offering this car n two existing colors unadulterated Grey and Symphony Silver. Service- Toyota Financial Services is offering Otiose Exclusive customers an exclusive opportunity to avai l a 100% on road funding for seven years on a zero depressed payment scheme. Toyota has also worked on reducing the time taken to service a vehicle through Toyota Express Maintenance Service which has brought down the servicing time to Just 60 minutes. Quality- Toyota Otiose Exclusive is offering superior ride and handling quality.

Linux Case Study

Users enkindle download it or free while proprietary softw ar, like Microsoft, charges the substance abuser a fee to use. Linux is considered the largest collaborative project in history. 2) Should Microsoft consider Linux a threat? Why or why not? Yes, Microsoft should consider Linux a threat. Even though Microsoft continues to innovate, Linux has the power of worldwide programmers behind it. Businesses and g overnments be chop-chop switching to Linux for many reasons and if this trend continues, Microsoft could be left behind. ) How is open semen software a potential trend shaping organizations? More and more, organizations are competing on a global scale. They need agile systems to keep up with ever changing business needs. Open source software is considered reliable, climbable and is extremely secure. It provides companies with an agile system that helps them respond to quickly changing customer needs and offers a private-enterprise(a) edge. The code is continuously improv ing and as issues arise, they are corrected quickly. 4) How can you use Linux as an emerging technology to gain a competitive advantage?Many companies today are slow to utilize pertly technology due to cost or adversity to change. Just as consumer products undergo continuous improvement, so mustiness business systems. Its easy for a competitor to gain a competitive advantage if a attach to doesnt upgrade systems and keep current. My employer is a company that is slow to change technology. They do extended due diligence to the signalise of beating a dead horse. By the time they decide to implement, new technology comes along and the process starts all over again.Its 2012 and they have in conclusion decided to implement ERP. A team was comprised and they are slowly on the job(p) on how to best implement it. By the time its actually up and running, something else will probably be state of the art. 5) Research the profits and discover potential ways that open source software pow er revolutionize business in the future. As businesses and governments become more gossamer and accountable, open source software allows them almost total control over every day operations (www. Reveres. Com).

Epic of Labaw Donggon Analysis

The Hinilawod epic tells the story of the exploits of the three demigod brothers, Labaw Donggon, Humadapnon and Dumalapdap of Panay. In its original systema skeletale the epic would take ab out(p) three days to perform (including breaks for nourishment and sleep), thus making it angiotensin converting enzyme of the longest epics in the world. Anthropologist Dr. F. Landa Jocano re electric corded a version of the epic from the inhabitants of Central Panay. This is how the story goes When the goddess of the eastern sky Alunsina ( overly know as Laun Sina, The Unmarried One) reached maidenhood, the king of the gods, Kaptan, decreed that she should unify.All the unmarried gods of the various domains of the universe tried their luck to win her hand to no avail. She chose to marry a mortal, Datu Paubari, the mightily ruler of Halawod. Her decision angered her other suitors. They plot to bring harm to the newlyweds. A meeting of the council of gods was c on the wholeed by Maklium-sa-t wan, god of the plains, where a decision by those present was make to destroy Halawod by flood.Alunsina and Paubari escape harm through the assistance of Suklang Malayon, the goddess and guardian of happy crime syndicates and sister of Alunsina, who intentional of the evil plot and warned the two so they were equal to examine base hit on higher ground. After the flood waters subsided, Paubari and Alunsina returned to the plains secretly. They settled serious the mouth of the Halawod river. Several months by and by Alunsina became pregnant and told Paubari to prepare the siklot, things necessary for childbirth.She delivered a set of triplets and summoned the high priest Bungot-Banwa to perform the rites of the gods of Mount Madya-as (the mountain family of the gods)to ensure the good health of the children. The high priest promptly made an altar and burned roughly alanghiran fronds and a pinch of kamangyan. When the ceremony was oer he opened the windows of the north side of the room and a cutting northernly wind came in and suddenly the three infants were transformed into strong, handsome juvenile men.Labaw Donggon, the eldest of the three, assumeed his mother to prepare his magical cape, hat, bash and kampilan (s develop) for he perceive of a conduct called Handug where a beautiful maiden named Angoy Ginbitinan lived. The journey took several(prenominal) days. He walked accross plains and valleys, climbed up mountains until he reached the mouth of the Halawod river. When he at long last met the maidens fuck off and asked for her hand in pairing, the father asked him to fight the monster Manalintad as stop of his dowry. He went off to confront the monster and with the help of his magic belt LabawDonggon killed the monster and to prove his feat he brought to Angoy Ginbitinans father the monsters tail. After the wedlock Labaw Donggon proceeded phratry with his new bride. Along the way they met a group of modern men who told him that they w ere on their way to Tarambang Burok to win the hand of Abyang Durunuun, sister of Sumpoy the maestro of the underworld and whose beauty was legendary. Labaw Donggon and his bride continued on their journey home. The moment they arrived home Labaw Donggon told his mother to take care of his wife because he is taking some other quest, this time he was going to Tarambang Burok.Before he can get to the place he has to pass a ridge guarded by a giant named Sikay Padalogdog who has a hundred arms. The giant would not allow Labaw Donggon to go through without a fight. However, Sikay Padalogdog was no match to Labaw Donggons prowess and accomplishment in fighting so he gave up and allowed him to continue. Labaw Donggon won the hand of Abyang Durunuun and also took her home. Before long he went on another journey, this time it is to Gadlum to ask for the hand of Malitong Yawa Sinagmaling Diwata who is the young bride of Saragnayan the lord of darkness.This trip required him to use his bi day nga inagta (black boat) on which he sailed across the seas for many months, went across the region of the clouds, passed the land of stones until finally he reached the shores of Tulogmatian which was the seaside fortress of Saragnayan. The moment he set radical on the ground Saragnayan asked him, Who are you and why are you here? To which he answered, I am Labaw Donggon, son of Datu Paubari and goddess Alunsina of Halawod. I came for the beautiful Malitong Yawa Sinagmaling Diwata. Saragnayan laughed.He told Labaw Donggon that what he wished for was unsurmountable to grant because she was his wife. Labaw Donggon then challenged Saragnayan to a duel saying that whoever wins will train her. The challenge was accepted and they started fighting. Labaw Donggon submerged Saragnayan under water for s counterbalance years, further when he let go of him, Saragnayan was still alive. The latter uprooted a coconut tree and started beating Labaw Donggon with it. He survived the beatin g but was not able to surpass the powers of Saragnayans pamlang (amulet) and eventually he gave up and was imprisoned by Saragnayan at a lower place his house.Back home Angoy Ginbitinan and Abyang Durunuun both delivered sons. Angoy Ginbitinans child was named Aso Mangga and Abyang Durunuuns son was called Abyang Baranugon. Only a hardly a(prenominal) days after they were born Aso Mangga and Abyang Baranugon embarked to look for their father. They rode their sailboats through the region of consummate(a) darkness, passed the region of the clouds and the land of stones, finally reaching Saragnayans home. Saragnayan noticed that Abyang Baranugons umbilical cord have not yet been removed, he laughed and told the child to go home to his mother.Abyang Baranugon was slighted by the remarks and immediately challenged Saragnayan to a duel. They fought and Abyang Baranugon defeated Saragnayan and won his fathers freedom. Labaw Donggons defeat and resultant imprisonment by the Lord of Dark ness also angered his brothers. Humadapnon was so enraged that he swore to the gods of Madya-as that he would wreak revenge on all of Saragnayans kinsmen and followers. Humadapnon prepared to go to Saragnayans domain. He employed the aid of Buyong Matanayon of Mount Matiula who was long-familiar for his skill in swordsmanship.For their journey they rode on a sailboat called biday nga rumba-rumba. They travelled through the region of the clouds, passed by the region of eternal darkness and end up at a place called Tarambang Buriraw. In this place was a ridge called Talagas Kuting-tang where a seductive sorceress named Piganun lived. Piganun changed herself to a beautiful maiden and captured the intent of Humadapnon. Buyong Matanayon begged with Humadapnon to leave the place with him but the latter refused.After seven months passed, Buyong Matanayon remembered that they have brought with them some spice up. One evening at dinner time Buyong Matanayon threw seven slices of ginger int o the fire. When Pinganun smelled the perfume of burning ginger she left thedinner table because sorcerers hated the odor of ginger. Immediately Buyong Matanayon struck Humadapnon, who became unconscious. He dragged his friend with him and they were able to escape. They continued with their travel and e reallywhere they went they exacted revenge on all of Saragnayans people and relatives.One day they reached a place called Piniling Tubig who was ruled by Datu Umbaw Pinaumbaw. There was a big meeting in the village and when they asked what was going on they were told that the datu was giving his daughter for marriage to whoever could remove the huge boulder that rolled from a mountain into the essence of the village. Many men tried their luck but no one so far was able to even move the stone. Humadapnon took off his magic cape and used it to lift the stone and threw it back into the mountain. The datu kept his word and Humadapnon married his daughter.During the wedding feed Huma dapnon heared about the beauty of the goddess of greed Burigadang Pada Sinaklang Bulawan from a guest minstrel who sang at the celebration. After the wedding Humadapnon went to sample the hand of the goddess in marriage. Along the way he encountered Buyong Makabagting, son of the mighty Datu Balahidyong of Paling Bukid who was also travelling with the same purpose in mind. Upon study of Humadapnons intent, Buyong Makabagting challenged him to a duel. They fought and Buyong Makabagting was no match to Humadapnons strength and skill.The fight ended when Buyong Makabagting surrendered and even promised to aid Humadapnon in his quest. Humadapnon married the goddess and brought her home. Meanwhile, right after Humadapnon left to seek Saragnayans followers and relatives his brother Dumalapdap left for Burutlakan-ka-adlaw where the maiden Lubay-Lubyok Hanginun si Mahuyokhuyokon lived. For the trip he brought along Dumasig, the most powerful wrestler in Madya-as. Several months later they came to a place called Tarambuan-ka-banwa where they encountered the two-headed monster Balanakon who guarded a narrow ridge leading to the place where the maiden lived.With the aid of Dumasig, Dumalapdap killed Balanakon. However, upon approaching the gate of the rook where the maiden lived he was confronted by Uyutang, a batlike monster with sharp venomous claws. There ensued a bloody battle between the Humadapnon and the monster. They fought for seven months and their skill and prowess seemed to be equal. But on the seventh month, Humadapnon was able to catch on to Uyutangs ankle and broke it. Then he took his iwang daniwan (magic dagger) and stabbed Uyutang under the armpit.Uyutang cried out so loud that the ridge where they were fighting broke into two and in that respect was an earthquake. Half of the ridge became the island of Buglas (Negros) and the other became the island of Panay. Dumalapdap married Lubay-Lubyok Hanginun si Mahuyokhuyokan and then took her home. Datu P aubari was very happy when he was reunited with his three sons and he prepared a feast in their honor. After the celebration, the three brothers left for different parts of the world. Labaw Donggon went to the north, Humadapnon went south, Dumalapdap to the westbound and Datu Paubari remained in the east.